High Energy Astronomy
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1st High Energy Astrophysics Observatory
( HEAO 1. GSFC. NASA )
-
The first of NASA's three High Energy Astronomy Observatories, HEAO
1 was launched aboard an Atlas Centaur rocket on 12
August 1977 and operated until 9 January 1979. During that
time, it scanned the X-ray sky almost three times over
0.2 keV - 10 MeV, provided nearly constant monitoring of
X-ray sources near the ecliptic poles, as well as more
detailed studies of a number of objects through pointed observations.
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2nd High Energy Astrophysics Observatory
( HEAO 2, renamed Einstein. GSFC. NASA )
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The second High Energy Astronomy Observatory (HEAO-B) was launched into
an approximate 100-min low Earth orbit on 13 November 1978.
Renamed the Einstein Observatory, it operated (with one significant interruption)
until April 1981 and made over 5,000 targeted observations.
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All-sky Low Energy Gamma Ray Observatory
( ALEGRO )
-
ALLEGRO is a proposed MidEx class instrument providing all-sky monitoring
of low-energy gamma-rays at unprecedented sensitivity. Unlike previous hard X-ray
experiments, there is no time-averaging, data-selection, or triggering on-board: ALLEGRO
transmits all events, time-tagged to 1/8th ms and with full
energy information. This produces a database of uniformly high resolution
in both energy and time, permitting non-triggered, unbiased detection of
transient and pulsed events.
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Antarctic Muon and Neutrino Detector Array
( AMANDA )
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Astrophysics and Radiation Measurements Group
-
The interests in astrophysics of the Astrophysics and Radiation Measurements
Group (NIS-2)
focus on gamma-ray bursts, x-ray binaries, accretion- and
rotation-powered pulsars, neutron
star dynamics, atomic processes in astrophysical sources,
soft x-ray and EUV backgrounds, and
EUV and soft x-ray
transients such as flare stars.
An important mission
of the group is to develop new types of optical,
ultraviolet, x-ray and
gamma-ray detectors for ground and space applications.
The group has flown high-energy
instruments on Pioneer Venus Orbiter,
the ISEE-3 (ICE), P78-1, Vela satellites, and the
Japanese satellite
Ginga. The group is currently developing experiments for several scientific
missions including the X-ray Multimirror Mission (XMM), High Energy Transient
Explorer (HETE),
MARS-96, and the MOXE all sky x-ray monitor
on the Russian Spectrum X-Gamma satellite
project, and is the
lead institution operating the Array of Low Energy X-ray Imaging
Sensors
(ALEXIS) satellite and its wide field-of-view ultrasoft x-ray telescope
array.
The group is actively participating in Compton
Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO) and Rossi X-ray
Timing Explorer (RXTE)
research through several guest investigator projects, and is also involved
in establishing the growing-up Fenton Hill Observatory in the Jemez
mountains, which includes
an ultra-high-energy gamma-ray telescope, Milagro.
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AXAF [Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility] Science Center
( ASC )
-
The AXAK Science Center is located at the Smithsonian Astrophysical
Observatory in
Cambridge, Massachusetts. The purpose of the ASC
is to provide
the support required by the science
community to realize fully
the potential of the Advanced
X-ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF).
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BeppoSAX Mission
( SAX )
-
The X-ray astronomy satellite BeppoSAX (Satellite per Astronomia X "Beppo"
in honor of Giuseppe Occhialini)
is a project
of the Italian Space
Agency (ASI) with participation of
the Netherlands Agency for Aerospace
Programs
(NIVR).
In the framework of past and future X-ray
missions BeppoSAX stands out for its wide
spectral coverage, ranging
from 0.1 to over 200 keV. The sensitivity of the
scientific
payload allows the detailed study over the entire energy
band
of sources as weak as about 1/20 of
3C273. This
opens new perspectives in the study of
broad band X-ray
spectra and variability of cosmic sources.
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Broad Band X-ray Telescope
( BBXRT. GSFC. NASA )
-
The Broad Band X-ray Telescope (BBXRT) was flown on the
space shuttle Columbia (STS-35) on 1990 December 2-December 11, as
part of the ASTRO-1 payload. The flight of BBXRT marked
the first opportunity for performing X-ray observations over a broad
energy range (0.3-12 keV) with a moderate energy resolution (typically
90 eV and 150 eV at 1 and 6 keV,
respectively).
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Cambridge X-Ray Astronomy Group
( IoA, Cambridge )
-
Home page of the X-Ray Astronomy Group
at the
Instittue of Astronomy, University of Cambridge. This
server
provides information on the Group's research activities and links
to other useful astronomical WWW sites.
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Chicago Air Shower Array
-
The Chicago Air Shower Array (CASA) is a very large
array of scintillation counters located in Utah, fifty miles southwest
of Salt Lake City. CASA has been operating since 1992
in coincidence with a second array, the Michigan Anti (MIA),
is made of 2500 square meters of buried muon detectors.
CASA is the most sensitive experiment built to date in
the study of gamma-ray and cosmic ray interactions at energies
above 100 TeV (10^14 electron-Volts). Research topics on data from
this experiment cover a wide variety of physics issues, including
the search for gamma-rays from extragalactic sources (quasars and gamma-ray
bursts), the study of diffuse gamma-ray emission from the Galactic
plane, and a measurement of the cosmic ray composition in
the poorly understood region from 100 to 100,000 TeV.
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CHORUS
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CLOUDY - Photoionization Simulation code
( CLOUDY )
-
Cloudy is a large-scale Fortran code designed to simulate
physical
conditions in a broad range of
astronomical plasmas, and
predict its resulting spectrum.
The Cloudy homepage provides pointers to
the code and its
documentation, along with related publications and
activities.
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Coded Aperture Imaging in High-Energy Astronomy
-
Information about coded aperture imaging as applied in
X- and
gamma-ray astronomy: - introduction to the principle -
specific details
about instruments of the past, present and
proposed future -
bibliography.
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Collaboration between Australia and Nippon for a Gamma Ray Observatory in the Outback
( CANGAROO )
-
The project uses two gamma ray telescopes at a dark
site 15 km from Woomera, a small town 500 km
north of Adelaide.
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Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory
( CGRO. GSFC. NASA )
-
The Compton Gamma Ray Observatory is the second of NASA's
Great Observatories. Compton, at 17 tons, the heaviest astrophysical payload
ever flown, was launched on April 5, 1991 aboard the
space shuttle Atlantis. Compton has four instruments that cover an
unprecedented six decades of the electromagnetic spectrum, from 30 keV
to 30 GeV
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Dave's World
( Satellite development, testing & Operations )
-
Dave's world is split into three catagories,
Space
Work
(My current work developing the Gravity Probe B's ground station),
Physics (Relativity mostly),
Astrophysics (including my previous work with the
EUVE),
Rocket Science (lots of links, including the X prize),
and Space operations (every satellite web page I know of)
Dave's Playground
Weather, News, Earthquakes & hurricanes, road conditions,
California
info, Federal info, images, html, perl & vi resources
www
sources, music, & misc
Jobs
on-line job resourses
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Deep Undersea Muon and Neutrino Detection
( DUMAND )
-
Directory tree of information about the DUMAND project, designed to
serve the needs of the experimenters, as well as to
make information about DUMAND progress available to the broader scientific
public.
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Falling into a Black Hole
-
In which we fall into a black hole on a
real free fall orbit.
All distortions of images are real,
both general relativistic from the gravitational bending of light,
and
special relativistic from the near light speed orbit.
After you
are done dying at the central singularity of the black
hole,
feel free to explore more about the Schwarzschild geometry,
about wormholes, and about the collapse of a black hole.
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Fred Lawrence Whipple Gamma-Ray Telescopes
( Tucson, Ariz )
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Gamma-Ray Astronomy with COMPTEL
( MPE Garching )
-
Local project documentation and utilities as well as collaboration-wide information
sources are maintained by the MPE COMPTEL people for:
COMPTEL Data Reduction Group work:
documents, scientific results
and utilities used by the data analysts,
the processing team
and the scientists.
COMPASS software system work :
technical and management documents, used and maintained by the
MPE
software team.
the local computing environment :
documents
on system configuration, maintained by the MPE/RZG
software team.
MPE - COMPTEL People Matters:
the weekly activity list
individual 'home pages'
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High Energy Astrophysics at CASS
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High Energy Astrophysics Division
( SAO )
-
The Division's main focus is on X-ray astronomy via observations
of high-energy sources with instruments aboard satellites, rockets, and
the
Space Shuttle; and development of new instrumentation for
future space
missions to address the processes involved in
generating x-rays, the
amount of matter in the universe,
and the origin, evolution,
and the ultimate fate of
the universe.
The AXAF Science Center
The AXAF
HRC project
The AXAF Mission Support Team
The
ROSAT Science Data Center
The PROS/XRAY Data Analysis Software
The Einstein Data Center
The Spectrum-X Gamma Coordination
Facility
The Solar and Stellar X-ray Group
The
Astrophysics Data System Project
The Einline Database Service
The SIMBAD Database Service
The Quasar Energy Distribution Team
The Supernova Remnant Group
The Energetic X-Ray Imaging
Survey Telescope (EXIST)
The Large Area X-Ray Spectroscopy Mission
(LAXSM)
Galaxy Clusters at the Center for Astrophysics
Multiwavelength Atlas of Galaxies
The Everyday Classroom Tools Project
The SAO Summer Intern Program
Science Education and
Outreach
HEAD Lunch Talks
Preprints of HEAD papers
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High Energy Gamma Ray Astronomy experiment
( HEGRA )
-
The HEGRA experiment was constructed for investigations of
cosmic rays
(seen as extended air showers)
at energies too high
to be detectable by small satellite
experiments. The HEGRA detector
is sensitive
in the energy range from 0.5-10.000 TeV and
was designed
with special emphasis on
the detection of
Gamma Rays.
HEGRA is located at the
Roque
de los Muchachos
Observatory
on La Palma.
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High Energy Gamma Ray Astronomy
( HEGRA )
-
The HEGRA experiment (High Energy Gamma Ray Astronomy) is mainly
devoted to the study
of VHE gamma ray emmision
(in the range between 5*1011 eV and 1016 eV)
produced either by galactic and extragalactic objects. The experiment also
studies the origin and nature of cosmic rays
in
this energy range. It is located at The Roque de
los Muchachos Observatory at LA Palma (Canary Islands, Spain)
as
a guest of the Instituto de Astrofísica de
Canarias (IAC) .
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High Energy X-ray Timing Experiment
( HEXTE )
-
The High Energy X-ray Timing Experiment is one of 3
common-user instruments on board the
Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer
(RXTE) which was launched on
1995 December 30. The HEXTE
is sensitive to X-rays from
15 to 250 keV and
is able to time-tag photons in this
energy range to
8 microseconds.
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High Resolution Fly's Eye Cosmic Ray Detector
( HiRes )
-
The HiRes detector - an atmospheric fluorescence detector: HiRes currently
consists of two sites on top of two mountains seperated
by 13km in western Utah. At present it consists of
a 14 mirror prototype at the first site and a
4 mirror site at the second site. Construction is under
way to built two full eyes which should be finnished
by the end of 1996
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Instituto de Astronomia y Fisica del Espacio
( IAFE )
-
The objective of the
Institute of Astronomy and Space Physics
in Buenos-Aires, Argentina, is to constitute a multidisciplinary group of
astronomers, physicists and engineers, whose work be centered on
astrophysical problems not covered by other national institutions. Besides,
through
the requirements imposed by the non classical astronomical
experiments, to
carry on technological developements, mainly in the area
of electronics,
transferable to other sectors of the scientific-technological system
of
the country.
The Investigation Projects are: Astronomy, Solar
Physics,
Astrophysical Plasmas, Relativistic Quantum Field Theories
and Gravitation,
and Atomic Collisions.
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Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso
( INFN, Italy )
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Underground laboratory for Particle Physics and Astrophysics. The server includes
information about the experiments:
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MOnitoring X-ray Experiment
( MOXE )
-
The MOnitoring X-ray Experiment (MOXE) is an
X-ray all-sky
monitor to be launched on the Russian Spectrum-X-Gamma
satellite
in 1996. It will monitor several hundred X-ray sources
on a daily basis, and will be the first instrument
to monitor the complete X-ray sky simultaneously. MOXE is
built
by Los Alamos Nat Lab, Goddard Space Flight
Center and
Space Research Institute (Moscow).
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Multiwavelength Atlas of Galaxies
-
A Multiwavelength Atlas of Galaxies is presented as an
educational
tool for high school students. Optical, X-ray,
Far-Infrared and Radio
images are shown for a variety of
nearby galaxies. Text
describing the physical mechanisms
of the different types of radiation,
and their astronomical
sources is supplied.
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Multiwavelength Milky Way
-
Images of the Milky Way galaxy in the light of
several spectral lines
and continuum bands, spanning the electromagnetic spectrum
from radio to
high-energy gamma-ray, are presented. The display is
interactive, allowing
zooming and panning of the images, each of
which covers the entire sky
within ten degrees of the
Galactic plane. Explanatory text and links to
the data sources
and references are included. The Multiwavelength Milky
Way site is
an educational service of the Astrophysics Data Facility at NASA
Goddard
Space Flight Center.
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Neutrino Oscillation MAgnetic Detector
( NOMAD )
-
Nomad (Neutrino Oscillation MAgnetic Detector) is CERN experiment WA96. The
experiment searches for the oscillation nu_mu -> nu_tau in the
CERN wide-band neutrino beam. It aims at detecting tau-neutrino charged-current
interactions by observing the production of the tau lepton through
its various decay modes by means of kinematical criteria.
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Nonproliferation and International Security
( NIS/LANL )
-
NIS division projects
ALEXIS Array of Low Energy
X-ray Sensors
BLACKBEARD A Broadband spaceborne RF detector experiment.
FORTE Fast On-orbit Recording of Transient Events
LAPP
Los Alamos Portable Pulser
MOXE MOnitoring X-ray Experiment for
Astronomy
HETE High Energy Transient Experiment for Astronomy
DAHW Deployable Adaptive Processing Hardware
X-ray data from P78-1
Energetic Particle data set for the CPA and SOPA
detectors
Magnetospheric Plasma Analyzer (MPA data)
Multi-angle Imaging
SpectoRadiometer (MISR)
Oblique High Frequency Sounder
NIS-7 projects
Ulysses Solar Wind Observations Over the Poles of the
Sun (SWOOPS) experiment
General interest subjects
Coded
aperture imaging in high-energy astronomy (intro, instruments, bibliography)
Research
on celestial gamma-ray bursts in NIS-2 (preprints, links)
The interests in astrophysics of the Astrophysics and Radiation Measurements
Group (NIS-2)
focus on gamma-ray bursts, x-ray binaries, accretion- and
rotation-powered pulsars, neutron
star dynamics, atomic processes in astrophysical sources,
soft x-ray and EUV backgrounds, and
EUV and soft x-ray
transients such as flare stars.
An important mission
of the group is to develop new types of optical,
ultraviolet, x-ray and
gamma-ray detectors for ground and space applications.
The group has flown high-energy
instruments on Pioneer Venus Orbiter,
the ISEE-3 (ICE), P78-1, Vela satellites, and the
Japanese satellite
Ginga. The group is currently developing experiments for several scientific
missions including the X-ray Multimirror Mission (XMM), High Energy Transient
Explorer (HETE),
MARS-96, and the MOXE all sky x-ray monitor
on the Russian Spectrum X-Gamma satellite
project, and is the
lead institution operating the Array of Low Energy X-ray Imaging
Sensors
(ALEXIS) satellite and its wide field-of-view ultrasoft x-ray telescope
array.
The group is actively participating in Compton
Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO) and Rossi X-ray
Timing Explorer (RXTE)
research through several guest investigator projects, and is also involved
in establishing the growing-up Fenton Hill Observatory in the Jemez
mountains, which includes
an ultra-high-energy gamma-ray telescope, Milagro.
-
Physics and Space Technology Directorate
( LLNL )
-
Radio Ice Cherenkov Experiment
( RICE )
-
A prototype ultra-high energy neutrino detector/obervatory
located at the South
Pole. RICE consists of an array of
radio antennas
buried deep in the ice which detect coherent
Cherenkov emission
from electromagnetic cascades produced
as a by product of ultra-high
energy neutrino interactions.
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Relativistic Astrophysics Department - Sternberg Institute
( RelSAI )
-
Relativistic Astrophysics Department of the Sternberg
Astronomical Institute. Preprints of
the members of the
department, scientific illustrations.
-
Robotic Optical Transient Search Experiment
( ROTSE )
-
ROTSE is an experimental program to search for astrophysical optical
transients on time scales of a fraction of a second
to a few hours. This is an area of
astronomical
science that has been relatively unexplored until now. The primary
incentive for this research is to find the optical counterparts
of gamma-ray
bursts (GRBs). Two sets of instruments are now
under construction: ROTSE-I, a
4-fold camera array using telephoto lenses
to cover a 16 degree by 16 degree field of
view and ROTSE-II, a
pair of 0.45 meter aperture telescopes
to cover a 2 degree by 2 degree field of
view. The expected sensitivities of these two systems is expected
to be
m_v ~ 15 and 18 respectively.
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ROentgen SATellite
( ROSAT at GSFC. NASA )
-
ROSAT, the ROentgen SATellite, is an X-ray observatory developed through
a cooperative program between the Germany, the United States, and
the United Kingdom. The satellite was designed and is operated
by Germany, and was launched by the United States on
June 1, 1990.
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Satellites with High Energy Astrophysics Instrumentation
( HEASARC. GSFC. NASA )
-
Comprehensive list of satellites with high energy astrophysics instrumentation. Includes
images from these missions
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Scott Wolk
( Scott_Wolk )
-
AXAF Science Operations Team Member,
Research: Star formation, stellar
rotation and brown dwarfs
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Solar Tower Atmospheric Cherenkov Effect Experiment
( STACEE )
-
STACEE is a new experiment for detecting gamma-rays with
energies
from 20 to 300 GeV, corresponding to the last
unopened
window in the electromagnetic spectrum. STACEE
will use a the
heliostats available at a large solar
power facility to collect
Cherenkov light that results from
gamma-ray air showers. STACEE is
currently under
development and should be operational sometime in 1997
or 1998.
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Space Sciences Laboratory
( Berkeley )
-
HEAD
The High Energy Astrophysics Division of the American Astronomical
Society.
SPRG
The Space Physics Research Group.
SERENDIP
The Search
for Extraterrestrial Radio Emissions from Nearby Developed Intelligent
Populations.
HOU
The Hands-On Universe Program.
COBE
The Cosmic Background Explorer.
EAG
The Experimental Astrophysics Group.
ISI
The Infrared Spatial Interferometer Group.
CEA
The Center for Extreme Ultraviolet Astrophysics.
ORFEUS
The Orbiting
Retrievable Far and Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrometers and The Berkeley
Spectrometer.
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Spectrum-X-Gamma Coordination facility
( SXG. University of Harvard )
-
Spectrum-X-Gamma (SXG) is an international high-energy astrophysics observatory which is
being built under the leadership of the Russian Space
Research
Institute (IKI). The US SXG CF supports the
US astronomical
community in obtaining information about SXG, proposing
for and making
SXG observations, and performing archival research
using the SXG archive
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Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
( SNO at Queen's University )
-
SNO is an astronomical neutrino observatory that is being built
below ground in the deepest section of INCO Limited's Creighton
Mine near Sudbury, Ontario. SNO is an international collaboration of
scientists from Canada, USA and UK. Information services are available
at
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Super-Kamiokande
-
Super-Kamiokande is a joint Japan-US collaboration to construct the world's
largest underground
neutrino observatory.
-
Telescope Array
-
Texas A&M University. High Energy Physics Group
( MACRO experiment at Gran Sasso )
-
Information server operated by the High Energy Physics Group at
Texas A&M University
-
The AXAF Science Center Public Info Server
-
This site provides current information on the "hot" field of
X-ray
astronomy and the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics (AXAF) mission,
NASA's
next Great Observatory. Once AXAF is launched aboard the
Space
Shuttle in September 1998, it will detect X-rays from cosmic
sources such as black holes, and exploding stars and galaxies.
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The High-Energy Astrophysics Learning Center
-
The High-Energy Astrophysics Learning Center is a
middle school
to college level resource on X-ray and
gamma-ray astronomy.
We provide information on celestial
objects that generate high-energy
radiation, X-ray and
gamma-ray detector technology, and analysis of
high-energy
astrophysics data. We also provide multidisciplinary
resources
for teachers, including lesson plans, study
guides, Adopt an
Astronomer, and Ask a High-Energy
Astronomer.
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Uhuru Satellite
( GSFC. NASA )
-
Uhuru was the first earth-orbiting mission dedicated entirely to celestial
X-ray astronomy. It was launched on 12 December 1970 into
an orbit of about 560 km apogee, 520 km perigee,
3 degrees inclination, with a period of 96 minutes. The
mission ended in March 1973.
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UK Dark Matter Collaboration
( PPARC, UK )
-
The UK Dark Matter Collaboration is a consortium of astrophysicists
and particle physicists, conducting experiments with the ultimate goal of
detecting rare scattering events which would occur if the Galactic
dark matter consists largely of a new heavy neutral particle.
-
Ulysses Mission
( JPL )
-
The Ulysses Mission is the first spacecraft to explore interplanetary
space at high solar latitudes. Ulysses is a joint endeavor
of the European Space Agency (ESA) and the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration (NASA) of the USA. Instruments include: Magnetometer
(VHM/FGM), Solar Wind Plasma Experiment (SWOOPS), Solar Wind Ion Composition
Instrument (SWICS), Unified Radio and Plasma Wave Instrument (URAP), Energetic
Particle Instrument (EPAC), Low-Energy Ion and Electron Experiment (HISCALE), Cosmic
Ray and Solar Particle Instrument (COSPIN), Solar X-ray and Cosmic
Gamma-Ray Burst Instrument (GRB)
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University of New Hampshire - High Energy Astrophysics Group
-
COMPTEL Project
-
X-Ray Timing Explorer
( XTE. GSFC.NASA )
-
The X-ray Timing Explorer, a Goddard mission scheduled for launch
in August 1995, is designed to facilitate the study of
time variability in the emission of X-ray sources with moderate
spectral resolution. Time scales from microseconds to months are covered
in an instantaneous spectral range from 2 to 250 keV.
It is designed for a required life time of two
years, a goal of five years.
Updated on 97/10/19 6:37 GMT by Sergio Paoli spaoli@fcaglp.fcaglp.unlp.edu.ar